EVENTS OF THIS DAY IN THE PAST 24/2

[edit]

• 303 – Galerius publishes his edict that begins the persecution of Christians in his portion of the Roman Empire.
• 484 – King Huneric removes the Christian bishops from their offices and banished some to Corsica. A few are martyred, including former proconsul Victorian along with Frumentius and other merchants. They are killed at Hadrumetum after refusing to become Arians.
• 1303 – Battle of Roslin, of the First War of Scottish Independence.
• 1386 – King Charles III of Naples and Hungary is assassinated at Buda.
• 1525 – A Spanish-Austrian army defeats a French army at the Battle of Pavia.
• 1538 – Treaty of Nagyvárad between Ferdinand I and John Zápolya.
• 1582 – With the papal bull Inter gravissimas, Pope Gregory XIII announces the Gregorian calendar.
• 1607 – L'Orfeo by Claudio Monteverdi, one of the first works recognized as an opera, receives its première performance.
• 1711 – The London première of Rinaldo by George Frideric Handel, the first Italian opera written for the London stage.
• 1739 – Battle of Karnal: The army of Iranian ruler Nader Shah defeats the forces of the Mughal emperor of India, Muhammad Shah.
• 1803 – In Marbury v. Madison, the Supreme Court of the United States establishes the principle of judicial review.
• 1809 – London's Drury Lane Theatre burns to the ground, leaving owner Richard Brinsley Sheridan destitute.
• 1821 – Final stage of the Mexican War of Independence from Spain with Plan of Iguala.
• 1822 – The first Swaminarayan temple in the world, Shri Swaminarayan Mandir, Ahmedabad, is inaugurated.
• 1826 – The signing of the Treaty of Yandabo marks the end of the First Anglo-Burmese War.
• 1831 – The Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek, the first removal treaty in accordance with the Indian Removal Act, is proclaimed. The Choctaws in Mississippi cede land east of the river in exchange for payment and land in the West.
• 1848 – King Louis-Philippe of France abdicates the throne.
• 1854 – A Penny Red with perforations was the first perforated postage stamp to be officially issued for distribution.
• 1863 – Arizona is organized as a United States territory.
• 1868 – Andrew Johnson becomes the first President of the United States to be impeached by the United States House of Representatives. He is later acquitted in the Senate.
• 1875 – The SS Gothenburg hits the Great Barrier Reef and sinks off the Australian east coast, killing approximately 100, including a number of high-profile civil servants and dignitaries.
• 1881 – China and Russia sign the Sino-Russian Ili Treaty.
• 1895 – Revolution breaks out in Baire, a town near Santiago de Cuba, beginning the Cuban War of Independence, that ends with the Spanish–American War in 1898.
• 1916 – The Governor-General of Korea establishes a clinic called Jahyewon in Sorokdo to segregate Hansen's disease patients.
• 1917 – World War I: The U.S. ambassador Walter Hines Page to the United Kingdom is given the Zimmermann Telegram, in which Germany pledges to ensure the return of New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona to Mexico if Mexico declares war on the United States.
• 1918 – Estonian Declaration of Independence.
• 1920 – The Nazi Party is founded.
• 1920 – Nancy Astor became the first woman to speak in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom following her election as a Member of Parliament (MP) three months earlier.
• 1942 – The Battle of Los Angeles: A false alarm led to an anti-aircraft barrage that lasted into the early hours of February 25.
• 1942 – An order-in-council passed under the Defence of Canada Regulations of the War Measures Act gives the Canadian federal government the power to intern all "persons of Japanese racial origin".
• 1944 – Merrill's Marauders: The Marauders begin their 1,000-mile journey through Japanese occupied Burma.
• 1945 – Egyptian Premier Ahmad Mahir Pasha is killed in Parliament after reading a decree.
• 1946 – Colonel Juan Perón, founder of the political movement that became known as Peronism, elected to his first term as President of Argentina.
• 1968 – Vietnam War: The Tet Offensive is halted; South Vietnam recaptures Hué.
• 1971 – The All India Forward Bloc holds an emergency central committee meeting after its chairman, Hemantha Kumar Bose, is killed three days earlier. P.K. Mookiah Thevar is appointed as the new chairman.
• 1976 – The current constitution of Cuba is formally proclaimed.
• 1980 – The United States Olympic hockey team completes its Miracle on Ice by defeating Finland 4–2 to win the gold medal.
• 1981 – The 6.7 Ms Gulf of Corinth earthquake affects Central Greece with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). The shock killed 22 people and destroyed buildings in several towns west of Athens.
• 1983 – A special commission of the United States Congress condemns the Japanese American internment during World War II.
• 1984 – Tyrone Mitchell perpetrates the 49th Street Elementary School shooting in Los Angeles, killing two children and injuring 12 more.
• 1989 – Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini issues a fatwa and offers a USD $3 million bounty for the death of Salman Rushdie, author of The Satanic Verses.
• 1989 – United Airlines Flight 811, bound for New Zealand from Honolulu, rips open during flight, blowing nine passengers out of the business-class section.
• 1996 – Two civilian airplanes operated by the Miami-based group Brothers to the Rescue are shot down in international waters by the Cuban Air Force.
• 2004 – The 6.3 Mw Al Hoceima earthquake strikes northern Morocco with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). At least 628 people are killed, 926 are injured, and up to 15,000 are displaced.
• 2006 – Philippine President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo declares Proclamation 1017 placing the country in a state of emergency in attempt to subdue a possible military coup.
• 2007 – Japan launches its fourth spy satellite, stepping up its ability to monitor potential threats such as North Korea.
• 2008 – Fidel Castro retires as the President of Cuba and the Council of Ministers after 32 years. He remains as head of the Communist Party for another 3 years.
• 2015 – A Metrolink train derails in Oxnard, California following a collision with a truck, leaving more than 30 injured.
• 2016 – Tara Air Flight 193, a de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter aircraft, crashed, with 23 fatalities, in Solighopte, Myagdi District, Dhaulagiri Zone, while en route from Pokhara Airport to Jomsom Airport.

Births[edit]

• 1103 – Emperor Toba of Japan (d. 1156)
• 1304 – Ibn Battuta, Moroccan jurist
• 1413 – Louis, Duke of Savoy (d. 1465)
• 1500 – Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1558)
• 1545 – John of Austria (d. 1578)
• 1557 – Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1619)
• 1593 – Henry de Vere, 18th Earl of Oxford, English soldier and courtier (d. 1625)
• 1595 – Maciej Kazimierz Sarbiewski, Polish author and poet (d. 1640)
• 1619 – Charles Le Brun, French painter and theorist (d. 1690)
• 1622 – Johannes Clauberg, German theologian and philosopher (d. 1665)
• 1709 – Jacques de Vaucanson, French engineer (d. 1782)
• 1721 – John McKinly, Irish-American physician and politician, 1st Governor of Delaware (d. 1796)
• 1723 – John Burgoyne, English general and politician (d. 1792)
• 1736 – Charles Alexander, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (d. 1806)
• 1743 – Joseph Banks, English botanist and explorer (d. 1820)
• 1762 – Charles Frederick Horn, German-English composer and educator (d. 1830)
• 1767 – Rama II of Siam (d. 1824)
• 1774 – Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge (d. 1850)
• 1786 – Martin W. Bates, American lawyer and politician (d. 1869)
• 1786 – Wilhelm Grimm, German anthropologist, author, and academic (d. 1859)
• 1788 – Johan Christian Dahl, Norwegian-German painter (d. 1857)
• 1827 – Lydia Becker, English-French activist (d. 1890)
• 1831 – Leo von Caprivi, German general and politician, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1899)
• 1835 – Julius Vogel, English-New Zealand journalist and politician, 8th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1899)
• 1836 – Winslow Homer, American painter and illustrator (d. 1910)
• 1837 – Rosalía de Castro, Spanish poet (d. 1885)
• 1842 – Arrigo Boito, Italian journalist, author, and composer (d. 1918)
• 1848 – Andrew Inglis Clark, Australian engineer, lawyer, and politician (d. 1907)
• 1852 – George Moore, Irish author, poet, and playwright (d. 1933)
• 1868 – Édouard Alphonse James de Rothschild, French financier and polo player (d. 1949)
• 1874 – Honus Wagner, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 1955)
• 1877 – Rudolph Ganz, Swiss pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1972)
• 1877 – Ettie Rout, Australian-New Zealand educator and activist (d. 1936)
• 1885 – Chester W. Nimitz, American admiral (d. 1966)
• 1885 – Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz, Polish author, poet, and painter (d. 1939)
• 1890 – Marjorie Main, American actress (d. 1975)
• 1896 – Richard Thorpe, American director and screenwriter (d. 1991)
• 1898 – Kurt Tank, German pilot and engineer (d. 1983)
• 1903 – Vladimir Bartol, Italian-Slovene author and playwright (d. 1967)
• 1908 – Telford Taylor, American general, lawyer, and historian (d. 1998)
• 1909 – August Derleth, American anthologist and author (d. 1971)
• 1914 – Ralph Erskine, English-Swedish architect, designed The Ark and Byker Wall (d. 2005)
• 1914 – Weldon Kees, American author, poet, painter, and pianist (d. 1955)
• 1915 – Jim Ferrier, Australian golfer (d. 1986)
• 1921 – Abe Vigoda, American actor (d. 2016)
• 1922 – Richard Hamilton, English painter and academic (d. 2011)
• 1922 – Steven Hill, American actor (d. 2016)
• 1924 – Hal Herring, American football player and coach (d. 2014)
• 1924 – Erik Nielsen, Canadian lawyer and politician, 3rd Deputy Prime Minister of Canada (d. 2008)
• 1925 – Bud Day, American colonel and pilot, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2013)
• 1927 – Emmanuelle Riva, French actress (d. 2017)
• 1929 – Kintaro Ohki, South Korean wrestler (d. 2006)
• 1930 – Barbara Lawrence, American model and actress (d. 2013)
• 1931 – Dominic Chianese, American actor and singer
• 1931 – Brian Close, English cricketer and coach (d. 2015)
• 1932 – Michel Legrand, French pianist, composer, and conductor
• 1932 – Zell Miller, American sergeant and politician, 79th Governor of Georgia
• 1932 – John Vernon, Canadian-American actor (d. 2005)
• 1933 – Judah Folkman, American physician and biologist (d. 2008)
• 1933 – Ali Mazrui, Kenyan-American political scientist, philosopher, and academic (d. 2014)
• 1933 – David "Fathead" Newman, American saxophonist and composer (d. 2009)
• 1934 – Bettino Craxi, Italian lawyer and politician, 45th Prime Minister of Italy (d. 2000)
• 1934 – Renata Scotto, Italian soprano
• 1935 – Ryhor Baradulin, Belarusian poet, essayist, and translator (d. 2014)
• 1936 – Guillermo O'Donnell, Argentine political scientist (d. 2011)
• 1938 – James Farentino, American actor (d. 2012)
• 1938 – Phil Knight, American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded Nike, Inc.
• 1939 – Jamal Nazrul Islam, Bangladeshi physicist and cosmologist (d. 2013)
• 1940 – Pete Duel, American actor (d. 1971)
• 1940 – Jimmy Ellis, American boxer (d. 2014)
• 1940 – Denis Law, Scottish footballer and sportscaster
• 1941 – Joanie Sommers, American singer and actress
• 1942 – Colin Bond, Australian race car driver
• 1942 – Paul Jones, English singer, harmonica player, and actor
• 1942 – Joe Lieberman, American lawyer and politician
• 1942 – Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, Indian philosopher, theorist, and academic
• 1943 – Pablo Milanés, Cuban singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1943 – Terry Semel, American businessman
• 1944 – Nicky Hopkins, English keyboard player (d. 1994)
• 1944 – Ivica Račan, Croatian lawyer and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Croatia (d. 2007)
• 1945 – Barry Bostwick, American actor and singer
• 1946 – Grigory Margulis, Russian mathematician and academic
• 1947 – Mike Fratello, American basketball player, coach, and sportscaster
• 1947 – Rupert Holmes, English-American singer-songwriter and playwright
• 1947 – Edward James Olmos, American actor and director
• 1948 – Jayalalithaa, Indian actress and politician, 16th Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu (d.2016)
• 1948 – Walter Smith, Scottish footballer and manager
• 1948 – Tim Staffell, English singer and guitarist
• 1948 – Dennis Waterman, English actor
• 1950 – Steve McCurry, American photographer and journalist
• 1950 – George Thorogood, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1951 – David Ford, Northern Irish social worker and politician
• 1951 – Derek Randall, English cricketer
• 1951 – Debra Jo Rupp, American actress
• 1951 – Helen Shaver, Canadian actress and director
• 1951 – Laimdota Straujuma, Latvian economist and politician, 12th Prime Minister of Latvia
• 1954 – Plastic Bertrand, Belgian singer-songwriter and producer
• 1954 – Sid Meier, Canadian-American game designer and programmer, created the Civilization series
• 1954 – Mike Pickering, English DJ and saxophonist
• 1955 – Steve Jobs, American businessman, co-founded Apple Inc. and Pixar (d. 2011)
• 1955 – Eddie Johnson, American basketball player
• 1955 – Alain Prost, French race car driver
• 1956 – Judith Butler, American philosopher, theorist, and author
• 1956 – Eddie Murray, American baseball player and coach
• 1956 – Paula Zahn, American journalist and producer
• 1958 – Sammy Kershaw, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1958 – Mark Moses, American actor
• 1959 – Beth Broderick, American actress and director
• 1959 – Mike Whitney, Australian cricketer and television host
• 1962 – Michelle Shocked, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1963 – Prince Carlo, Duke of Castro
• 1963 – Mike Vernon, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1964 – Russell Ingall, British-Australian race car driver and sportscaster* 1965 – Paul Gruber, American football player
• 1965 – Jane Swift, American businesswoman and politician, Governor of Massachusetts
• 1966 – Billy Zane, American actor and producer
• 1967 – Brian Schmidt, Australian astrophysicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1968 – Mitch Hedberg, American comedian and actor (d. 2005)
• 1969 – Kim Seung-woo, South Korean actor
• 1970 – Jeff Garcia, American football player and coach
• 1970 – Neil Sullivan, English-Scottish footballer and coach
• 1971 – Josh Bernstein, American anthropologist, explorer, and author
• 1971 – Pedro de la Rosa, Spanish race car driver
• 1971 – Brian Savage, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1972 – Teodor Currentzis, Greek conductor and composer
• 1972 – Manon Rhéaume, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1973 – Stubby Clapp, Canadian baseball player and coach
• 1973 – Chris Fehn, American drummer
• 1973 – Alexei Kovalev, Russian ice hockey player and pilot
• 1974 – Chad Hugo, American keyboard player, songwriter, and producer
• 1974 – Mike Lowell, American baseball player and sportscaster
• 1974 – Bonnie Somerville, American actress
• 1975 – Ashley MacIsaac, Canadian singer-songwriter and fiddler
• 1976 – Crista Flanagan, American actress and screenwriter
• 1976 – Zach Johnson, American golfer
• 1976 – Bradley McGee, Australian cyclist and coach
• 1976 – Matt Skiba, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1977 – Jason Akermanis, Australian footballer and coach
• 1977 – Bronson Arroyo, American baseball player and singer
• 1977 – Floyd Mayweather, Jr., American boxer
• 1978 – Gary, South Korean rapper and producer
• 1978 – Shinya, Japanese drummer and songwriter
• 1978 – John Nolan, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1978 – DeWayne Wise, American baseball player
• 1978 – Leon Constantine, English footballer
• 1980 – Shinsuke Nakamura, Japanese wrestler and mixed martial artist
• 1981 – Felipe Baloy, Panamanian footballer
• 1981 – Lleyton Hewitt, Australian tennis player
• 1981 – Mauro Rosales, Argentinian footballer
• 1981 – Mohammad Sami, Pakistani cricketer
• 1982 – Nick Blackburn, American baseball player
• 1982 – Emanuel Villa, Argentinian footballer
• 1982 – Klára Koukalová, Czech tennis player
• 1982 – Fala Chen, Chinese actress and singer
• 1984 – Corey Graves, American wrestler and sportscaster
• 1987 – Kim Kyu-jong, South Korean singer, dancer, and actor
• 1988 – Mathieu Baudry, French footballer
• 1988 – Levi Hanssen, New Zealand footballer
• 1989 – Trace Cyrus, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1989 – Kosta Koufos, American basketball player
• 1991 – Madison Hubbell, American ice dancer
• 1991 – Semih Kaya, Turkish footballer
• 1994 – Earl Sweatshirt, American hip-hop artist

Deaths[edit]

• 616 – Æthelberht of Kent (b. 560)
• 1386 – Charles III of Naples (b. 1345)
• 1563 – Francis, Duke of Guise (b. 1519)
• 1588 – Johann Weyer, Dutch physician and occultist (b. 1515)
• 1666 – Nicholas Lanier, English composer and painter (b. 1588)
• 1685 – Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Carlisle, English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Cumberland (b. 1629)
• 1704 – Marc-Antoine Charpentier, French composer (b. 1643)
• 1714 – Edmund Andros, English courtier and politician, 4th Colonial Governor of New York (b. 1637)
• 1721 – John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby, English poet and politician, Lord President of the Council (b. 1648)
• 1732 – Francis Charteris, Scottish soldier (b. 1675)
• 1777 – Joseph I of Portugal (b. 1714)
• 1785 – Carlo Buonaparte, Corsican lawyer and politician (b. 1746)
• 1799 – Georg Christoph Lichtenberg, German physicist and academic (b. 1742)
• 1810 – Henry Cavendish, French-English physicist and chemist (b. 1731)
• 1812 – Étienne-Louis Malus, French physicist and mathematician (b. 1775)
• 1815 – Robert Fulton, American engineer (b. 1765)
• 1825 – Thomas Bowdler, English physician and philanthropist (b. 1754)
• 1856 – Nikolai Lobachevsky, Russian mathematician and academic (b. 1792)
• 1876 – Joseph Jenkins Roberts, American-Liberian politician, 1st President of Liberia (b. 1809)
• 1879 – Shiranui Kōemon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 11th Yokozuna (b. 1825)
• 1910 – Osman Hamdi Bey, Greek archaeologist and painter (b. 1842)
• 1914 – Joshua Chamberlain, American general and politician, 32nd Governor of Maine (b. 1828)
• 1925 – Hjalmar Branting, Swedish journalist and politician, 16th Prime Minister of Sweden, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1860)
• 1927 – Edward Marshall Hall, English lawyer and politician (b. 1858)
• 1929 – André Messager, French pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1853)
• 1930 – Hermann von Ihering, German-Brazilian zoologist (b. 1850)
• 1953 – Robert La Follette Jr., American politician, senator of Wisconsin (b. 1895)
• 1953 – Gerd von Rundstedt, German field marshal (b. 1875)
• 1970 – Conrad Nagel, American actor (b. 1897)
• 1974 – Margaret Leech, American historian and author (b. 1893)
• 1975 – Hans Bellmer, German artist (b. 1902)^{[citation needed]}
• 1975 – Nikolai Bulganin, Russian marshal and politician, 6th Premier of the Soviet Union (b. 1895)
• 1978 – Alma Thomas, American painter and educator (b.1891)
• 1982 – Virginia Bruce, American actress (b. 1910)
• 1986 – Tommy Douglas, Scottish-Canadian minister and politician, 7th Premier of Saskatchewan (b. 1904)
• 1990 – Tony Conigliaro, American baseball player (b. 1945)
• 1990 – Malcolm Forbes, American sergeant and publisher (b. 1917)
• 1990 – Sandro Pertini, Italian journalist and politician, 7th President of Italy (b. 1896)
• 1990 – Johnnie Ray, American singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1927)
• 1991 – John Daly, American journalist and game show host (b. 1914)
• 1991 – George Gobel, American actor (b. 1919)
• 1991 – Webb Pierce, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1921)
• 1993 – Danny Gallivan, Canadian sportscaster (b. 1917)
• 1993 – Bobby Moore, English footballer and manager (b. 1941)
• 1994 – Jean Sablon, French singer and actor (b. 1906)
• 1994 – Dinah Shore, American actress and singer (b. 1916)
• 1998 – Antonio Prohías, Cuban-American cartoonist (b. 1921)
• 1998 – Henny Youngman, English-American comedian and violinist (b. 1906)
• 1999 – Andre Dubus, American short story writer, essayist, and memoirist (b. 1936)
• 2001 – Theodore Marier, American composer and educator, founded the Boston Archdiocesan Choir School (b. 1912)
• 2001 – Claude Shannon, American mathematician, cryptographer, and engineer (b. 1916)
• 2002 – Leo Ornstein, Ukrainian-American pianist and composer (b. 1893)
• 2004 – John Randolph, American actor (b. 1915)
• 2005 – Coşkun Kırca, Turkish diplomat, journalist and politician (b. 1927)
• 2006 – Octavia E. Butler, American author and educator (b. 1947)
• 2006 – Don Knotts, American actor and comedian (b. 1924)
• 2006 – John Martin, Canadian broadcaster, co-founded MuchMusic (b. 1947)
• 2006 – Dennis Weaver, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1924)
• 2007 – Bruce Bennett, American shot putter and actor (b. 1906)
• 2007 – Damien Nash, American football player (b. 1982)
• 2008 – Larry Norman, American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1947)
• 2010 – Dawn Brancheau, senior animal trainer at SeaWorld (b. 1969)
• 2011 – Anant Pai, Indian author and illustrator (b. 1929)
• 2012 – Agnes Allen, American baseball player and therapist (b. 1930)
• 2012 – Oliver Wrong, English nephrologist and academic (b. 1925)
• 2013 – Virgil Johnson, American singer (b. 1935)
• 2013 – Con Martin, Irish footballer and manager (b. 1923)
• 2014 – Franny Beecher, American guitarist (b. 1921)
• 2014 – Alexis Hunter, New Zealand-English painter and photographer (b. 1948)
• 2014 – Carlos Páez Vilaró, Uruguayan painter and sculptor (b. 1923)
• 2014 – Harold Ramis, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1944)
• 2015 – Mefodiy, Ukrainian metropolitan (b. 1949)
• 2015 – Rakhat Aliyev, Kazakh politician and diplomat (b. 1962)
• 2016 – Peter Kenilorea, Solomon Islands politician, 1st Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands (b. 1943)
• 2016 – Nabil Maleh, Syrian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1936)
• 2016 – George C. Nichopoulos, American soldier and physician (b. 1927)