1401 Turko-Mongol ruler Tamerlane (Timur) destroys Baghdad, killing 20,000 1790 Russo-Swedish War: Second Battle of Svensksund - in the Baltic Sea, the Swedish Navy captures one third of the Russian fleet 1868 Louisiana and South Carolina are the last states to ratify the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution, guaranteeing civil rights 1893 Daniel Williams repairs the torn pericardium of a knife wound patient, James Cornish, without penicillin or blood transfusion 1917 British battleship HMS Vanguard explodes at Scapa Flow (the result of an internal explosion of faulty cordite), killing 804 1971 Henry Kissinger visits the People's Republic of China to negotiate a detente between the US and China 2002 The African Union is established in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The first chairman is Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa. 2017 Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi proclaims victory over Islamic State forces in Mosul | 
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