EVENTS OF THIS DAY IN THE PAST 14/8
Pre-1600[edit]
1601-1900[edit]
1901-present[edit]
- 1901 – The first claimed powered flight, by Gustave Whitehead in his Number 21.[21]
- 1914 – World War I: Start of the Battle of Lorraine, an unsuccessful French offensive.[22]
- 1921 – Tannu Uriankhai, later Tuvan People's Republic is established as a completely independent country (which is supported by Soviet Russia).[23]
- 1933 – Loggers cause a forest fire in the Coast Range of Oregon, later known as the first forest fire of the Tillamook Burn; destroying 240,000 acres (970 km2) of land.[24]
- 1935 – Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Social Security Act, creating a government pension system for the retired.[25]
- 1936 – Rainey Bethea is hanged in Owensboro, Kentucky in the last known public execution in the United States.[26]
- 1941 – World War II: Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt sign the Atlantic Charter of war stating postwar aims.[27]
- 1947 – Pakistan gains Independence from the British Empire.[28]
- 1959 – Founding and first official meeting of the American Football League.[29]
- 1967 – UK Marine Broadcasting Offences Act declares participation in offshore pirate radio illegal.[30]
- 1969 – The Troubles: British troops are deployed in Northern Ireland as political and sectarian violence breaks out, marking the start of the 37-year Operation Banner.[31]
- 1971 – Bahrain declares independence from Britain.[32]
- 1972 – An Ilyushin Il-62 airliner crashes near Königs Wusterhausen, East Germany killing 156 people.[33]
- 1980 – Lech Wałęsa leads strikes at the Gdańsk, Poland shipyards.[34]
- 1994 – Ilich Ramírez Sánchez, also known as "Carlos the Jackal", is captured.[35]
- 1996 – Greek Cypriot refugee Solomos Solomou is shot and killed by a Turkish security officer while trying to climb a flagpole in order to remove a Turkish flag from its mast in the United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus.[36]
- 2003 – A widescale power blackout affects the northeast United States and Canada.[37]
- 2005 – Helios Airways Flight 522, en route from Larnaca, Cyprus to Prague, Czech Republic via Athens, crashes in the hills near Grammatiko, Greece, killing 121 passengers and crew.[38]
- 2006 – Sri Lankan Civil War: Sixty-one schoolgirls killed in Chencholai bombing by Sri Lankan Air Force air strike.[39]
- 2007 – The Kahtaniya bombings kills at least 500 people.[40]
- 2013 – Egypt declares a state of emergency as security forces kill hundreds of demonstrators supporting former president Mohamed Morsi.[41]
- 2013 – UPS Airlines Flight 1354 crashes short of the runway at Birmingham–Shuttlesworth International Airport, killing both crew members on board.[42]
- 2015 – The US Embassy in Havana, Cuba re-opens after 54 years of being closed when Cuba–United States relations were broken off.[43]
Pre-1600[edit]
1601–1900[edit]
- 1642 – Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1723)[50]
- 1653 – Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle, English colonel and politician, Lieutenant Governor of Jamaica (d. 1688)[51]
- 1688 – Frederick William I of Prussia (d. 1740)[52]
- 1714 – Claude Joseph Vernet, French painter (d. 1789)[53]
- 1738 – Leopold Hofmann, Austrian composer and conductor (d. 1793)[54]
- 1742 – Pope Pius VII (d. 1823)[55]
- 1758 – Carle Vernet, French painter and lithographer (d. 1836)[56]
- 1777 – Hans Christian Ørsted, Danish physicist and chemist (d. 1851)[57]
- 1802 – Letitia Elizabeth Landon, English poet and novelist (d. 1838)[58]
- 1814 – Charlotte Fowler Wells, American phrenologist and publisher (d. 1901)[59]
- 1817 – Alexander H. Bailey, American lawyer, judge, and politician (d. 1874)[60]
- 1840 – Richard von Krafft-Ebing, German-Austrian psychologist and author (d. 1902)[61]
- 1847 – Robert Comtesse, Swiss lawyer and politician (d. 1922)[62]
- 1848 – Margaret Lindsay Huggins, Anglo-Irish astronomer and author (d. 1915)[63]
- 1851 – Doc Holliday, American dentist and gambler (d. 1887)[64]
- 1860 – Ernest Thompson Seton, American author, artist, and naturalist (d. 1946)[65]
- 1863 – Ernest Thayer, American poet and author (d. 1940)[66]
- 1865 – Guido Castelnuovo, Italian mathematician and academic (d. 1952)[67]
- 1866 – Charles Jean de la Vallée-Poussin, Belgian mathematician and academic (d. 1962)[68]
- 1867 – Cupid Childs, American baseball player (d. 1912)[69]
- 1867 – John Galsworthy, English novelist and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1933)[70]
- 1871 – Guangxu Emperor of China (d. 1908)[71]
- 1875 – Mstislav Dobuzhinsky, Russian-Lithuanian painter and illustrator (d. 1957)[72]
- 1876 – Alexander I of Serbia (d. 1903)[73]
- 1881 – Francis Ford, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1953)[74]
- 1883 – Ernest Everett Just, American biologist and academic (d. 1941)[75]
- 1886 – Arthur Jeffrey Dempster, Canadian-American physicist and academic (d. 1950)[76]
- 1889 – Otto Tief, Estonian lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Estonia (d. 1976)[77]
- 1890 – Bruno Tesch, German chemist and businessman (d. 1946)[78]
- 1892 – Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji, English pianist, composer, and critic (d. 1988)[79]
- 1894 – Frank Burge, Australian rugby league player and coach (d. 1958)[80]
- 1895 – Jack Gregory, Australian cricketer (d. 1973)[81]
- 1895 – Amaza Lee Meredith, American architect (d. 1984)[82]
- 1896 – Albert Ball, English fighter pilot (d. 1917)[83]
- 1896 – Theodor Luts, Estonian director and cinematographer (d. 1980)[84]
- 1900 – Margret Boveri, German journalist (d. 1975)[85]
1901–present[edit]
- 1910 – Nüzhet Gökdoğan, Turkish astronomer and mathematician (d. 2003)[86]
- 1910 – Willy Ronis, French photographer (d. 2009)[87]
- 1910 – Pierre Schaeffer, French composer and producer (d. 1995)[88]
- 1912 – Frank Oppenheimer, American physicist and academic (d. 1985)[89]
- 1913 – Hector Crawford, Australian director and producer (d. 1991)[90]
- 1913 – Paul Dean, American baseball player (d. 1981)[91]
- 1914 – Herman Branson, American physicist, chemist, and academic (d. 1995)[92]
- 1915 – B. A. Santamaria, Australian political activist and publisher (d. 1998)[93]
- 1916 – Wellington Mara, American businessman (d. 2005)[94]
- 1923 – Alice Ghostley, American actress (d. 2007)[95]
- 1924 – Sverre Fehn, Norwegian architect, designed the Hedmark Museum (d. 2009)[96]
- 1924 – Georges Prêtre, French conductor (d. 2017)[97]
- 1925 – Russell Baker, American critic and essayist (d. 2019)[98]
- 1926 – René Goscinny, French author and illustrator (d. 1977)[99]
- 1926 – Buddy Greco, American singer and pianist (d. 2017)[100]
- 1928 – Lina Wertmüller, Italian director and screenwriter[101]
- 1929 – Dick Tiger, Nigerian boxer (d. 1971)[102]
- 1930 – Arthur Latham, British politician and Member of Parliament (d. 2016)[103]
- 1930 – Earl Weaver, American baseball player and manager (d. 2013)[104]
- 1931 – Frederic Raphael, American journalist, author, and screenwriter[105]
- 1932 – Lee Hoffman, American author (d. 2007)[106]
- 1933 – Richard R. Ernst, Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate[107] (d. 2021)
- 1935 – John Brodie, American football player[108]
- 1938 – Bennie Muller, Dutch footballer[109]
- 1941 – David Crosby, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[110]
- 1941 – Connie Smith, American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist[111]
- 1942 – Willie Dunn, Canadian singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2013)[112]
- 1943 – Ronnie Campbell, English miner and politician[113]
- 1943 – Ben Sidran, American jazz and rock keyboardist[114]
- 1945 – Steve Martin, American actor, comedian, musician, producer, and screenwriter[115]
- 1945 – Wim Wenders, German director, producer, and screenwriter[116]
- 1946 – Larry Graham, American soul/funk bass player and singer-songwriter[117]
- 1946 – Susan Saint James, American actress[118]
- 1946 – Tom Walkinshaw, Scottish race car driver and businessman (d. 2010)[119]
- 1947 – Maddy Prior, English folk singer[120]
- 1947 – Danielle Steel, American author[121]
- 1947 – Joop van Daele, Dutch footballer[122]
- 1949 – Morten Olsen, Danish footballer[123]
- 1950 – Gary Larson, American cartoonist[118]
- 1951 – Slim Dunlap, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[124]:1894
- 1952 – Debbie Meyer, American swimmer[125]
- 1953 – James Horner, American composer and conductor (d. 2015)[126]
- 1954 – Mark Fidrych, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2009)[127]
- 1954 – Stanley A. McChrystal, American general[128]
- 1956 – Jackée Harry, American actress and television personality[129]
- 1956 – Andy King, English footballer and manager (d. 2015)[130]
- 1956 – Rusty Wallace, American race car driver[118]
- 1957 – Peter Costello, Australian lawyer and politician[131]
- 1959 – Frank Brickowski, American basketball player[132]
- 1959 – Marcia Gay Harden, American actress[133]
- 1959 – Magic Johnson, American basketball player and coach[134]
- 1960 – Sarah Brightman, English singer and actress[135]
- 1960 – Fred Roberts, American basketball player[136]
- 1962 – Mark Gubicza, American baseball player[137]
- 1963 – José Cóceres, Argentinian golfer[138]
- 1964 – Neal Anderson, American football player and coach[139]
- 1964 – Jason Dunstall, Australian footballer[140]
- 1965 – Paul Broadhurst, English golfer[141]
- 1966 – Halle Berry, American model, actress, and producer[142]
- 1966 – Karl Petter Løken, Swedish-Norwegian footballer[143]
- 1968 – Catherine Bell, English-American actress and producer[118]
- 1968 – Darren Clarke, Northern Irish golfer[144]
- 1968 – Jason Leonard, English rugby player[145]
- 1969 – Tracy Caldwell Dyson, American chemist and astronaut[146]
- 1969 – Stig Tøfting, Danish footballer[147]
- 1970 – Kevin Cadogan, American rock guitarist[124]:2005
- 1971 – Raoul Bova, Italian actor, producer, and screenwriter[148]
- 1971 – Mark Loretta, American baseball player[149]
- 1972 – Laurent Lamothe, Haitian businessman and politician, Prime Minister of Haiti[150]
- 1973 – Jared Borgetti, Mexican footballer[151]
- 1973 – Kieren Perkins, Australian swimmer[152]
- 1974 – Chucky Atkins, American basketball player[153]
- 1975 – Mike Vrabel, American football player[154]
- 1976 – Fabrizio Donato, Italian triple jumper[155]
- 1977 – Juan Pierre, American baseball player[156]
- 1978 – Anastasios Kyriakos, Greek footballer[157]
- 1978 – Greg Rawlinson, New Zealand rugby player[158]
- 1979 – Paul Burgess, Australian pole vaulter[159]
- 1981 – Earl Barron, American basketball player[160]
- 1981 – Julius Jones, American football player[161]
- 1981 – Scott Lipsky, American tennis player[162]
- 1983 – Elena Baltacha, Ukrainian-Scottish tennis player (d. 2014)[163]
- 1983 – Mila Kunis, Ukrainian-American actress[118]
- 1984 – Eva Birnerová, Czech tennis player[164]
- 1984 – Clay Buchholz, American baseball player[165]
- 1984 – Giorgio Chiellini, Italian footballer[166]
- 1984 – Josh Gorges, Canadian ice hockey player[167]
- 1984 – Nick Grimshaw, English radio and television host[168]
- 1984 – Nicola Slater, Scottish tennis player[169]
- 1984 – Robin Söderling, Swedish tennis player[170]
- 1985 – Christian Gentner, German footballer[171]
- 1985 – Shea Weber, Canadian ice hockey player[172]
- 1986 – Braian Rodríguez, Uruguayan footballer[173]
- 1987 – Tim Tebow, American football and baseball player and sportscaster[174]
- 1989 – Ander Herrera, Spanish footballer[175]
- 1989 – Kyle Turris, Canadian ice hockey player[176]
- 1991 – Richard Freitag, German ski jumper[177]
Pre-1600[edit]
1601–1900[edit]
- 1691 – Richard Talbot, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell, Irish soldier and politician (b. 1630)[184]
- 1727 – William Croft, English organist and composer (b. 1678)[185]
- 1774 – Johann Jakob Reiske, German physician and scholar (b. 1716)[186]
- 1784 – Nathaniel Hone the Elder, Irish-born English painter and academic (b. 1718)[187]
- 1852 – Margaret Taylor, First Lady of the United States (b. 1788)[188]
- 1854 – Carl Carl, Polish-born actor and theatre director (b. 1787)[189]
- 1860 – André Marie Constant Duméril, French zoologist and entomologist (b. 1774)[190]
- 1870 – David Farragut, American admiral (b. 1801)[191]
- 1890 – Michael J. McGivney, American priest, founded the Knights of Columbus (b. 1852)[192]
- 1891 – Sarah Childress Polk, First Lady of the United States (b. 1803)[193]
1901–present[edit]
- 1905 – Simeon Solomon, English soldier and painter (b. 1840)[194]
- 1909 – William Stanley, British engineer and author (b. 1829)[195]
- 1922 – Rebecca Cole, American physician and social reformer (b. 1846)[196]
- 1928 – Klabund, German author and poet (b. 1890)[197]
- 1938 – Hugh Trumble, Australian cricketer and accountant (b. 1876)[198]
- 1941 – Maximilian Kolbe, Polish martyr and saint (b. 1894)[199]
- 1941 – Paul Sabatier, French chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1854)[200]
- 1943 – Joe Kelley, American baseball player and manager (b. 1871)[201]
- 1951 – William Randolph Hearst, American publisher and politician, founded the Hearst Corporation (b. 1863)[202]
- 1954 – Hugo Eckener, German pilot and designer (b. 1868)[203]
- 1955 – Herbert Putnam, American lawyer and publisher, Librarian of Congress (b. 1861)[204]
- 1956 – Bertolt Brecht, German poet, playwright, and director (b. 1898)[205]
- 1956 – Konstantin von Neurath, German lawyer and politician, Reich Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1873)[206]
- 1958 – Frédéric Joliot-Curie, French physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1900)[207]
- 1963 – Clifford Odets, American director, playwright, and screenwriter (b. 1906)[208]
- 1964 – Johnny Burnette, American singer-songwriter (b. 1934)[209]
- 1965 – Vello Kaaristo, Estonian skier (b. 1911)[210]
- 1967 – Bob Anderson, English motorcycle racer and race car driver (b. 1931)[211]
- 1972 – Oscar Levant, American actor, pianist, and composer (b. 1906)[212]
- 1972 – Jules Romains, French author and poet (b. 1885)[213]
- 1973 – Fred Gipson, American journalist and author (b. 1908)[214]
- 1978 – Nicolas Bentley, English author and illustrator (b. 1907)[215]
- 1980 – Dorothy Stratten, Canadian-American model and actress (b. 1960)[216]
- 1981 – Karl Böhm, Austrian conductor and director (b. 1894)[217]
- 1981 – Dudley Nourse, South African cricketer (b. 1910)[218]
- 1982 – Mahasi Sayadaw, Burmese monk and philosopher (b. 1904)[219]
- 1984 – Spud Davis, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1904)[220]
- 1984 – J. B. Priestley, English novelist and playwright (b. 1894)[221]
- 1985 – Gale Sondergaard, American actress (b. 1899)[222]
- 1988 – Roy Buchanan, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1939)[223]
- 1988 – Robert Calvert, South African-English singer-songwriter and playwright (b. 1945)[124]:1712
- 1988 – Enzo Ferrari, Italian race car driver and businessman, founded Ferrari (b. 1898)[224]
- 1991 – Alberto Crespo, Argentinian race car driver (b. 1920)[225]
- 1992 – John Sirica, American lawyer and judge (b. 1904)[226]
- 1994 – Elias Canetti, Bulgarian-Swiss author, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905)[227]
- 1994 – Alice Childress, American actress, playwright, and author (b. 1912)[228]
- 1996 – Sergiu Celibidache, Romanian conductor and composer (b. 1912)[229]
- 1999 – Pee Wee Reese, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1918)[230]
- 2002 – Larry Rivers, American painter and sculptor (b. 1923)[231]
- 2003 – Helmut Rahn, German footballer (b. 1929)[232]
- 2004 – Czesław Miłosz, Polish-born American novelist, essayist, and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)[233]
- 2004 – Trevor Skeet, New Zealand-English lawyer and politician (b. 1918)[234]
- 2006 – Bruno Kirby, American actor (b. 1949)[235]
- 2007 – Tikhon Khrennikov, Russian pianist and composer (b. 1913)[236]
- 2010 – Herman Leonard, American photographer (b. 1923)[237]
- 2012 – Vilasrao Deshmukh, Indian lawyer and politician, Chief Minister of Maharashtra (b. 1945)[238]
- 2012 – Svetozar Gligorić, Serbian chess player (b. 1923)[239]
- 2012 – Phyllis Thaxter, American actress (b. 1919)[240]
- 2013 – Jack Germond, American journalist and author (b. 1928)[241]
- 2014 – Leonard Fein, American journalist and academic, co-founded Moment Magazine (b. 1934)[242]
- 2014 – George V. Hansen, American politician (b. 1930)[243]
- 2015 – Bob Johnston, American songwriter and producer (b. 1932)[244]
- 2016 – Fyvush Finkel, American actor (b. 1922)[245]
- 2018 – Jill Janus, American singer (b. 1975)[246]
- 2019 – Polly Farmer, Australian footballer and coach (b. 1935)[247]
- 2020 – Julian Bream, English classical guitarist and lutenist (b. 1933)[248]
- 2020 – Angela Buxton, British tennis player (b. 1934)[249]
- 2020 – James R. Thompson, American politician, Governor of Illinois (1977–91) (b. 1936)[250]
Holidays and observances[edit]
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