1588 Battle of Gravelines: English fleet damages and scatters the "Invincible" Spanish Armada, which is forced to make a long and costly retreat around Scotland and Ireland 1609 Samuel de Champlain shoots and kills two Iroquois chiefs at Ticonderoga, New York setting the stage for French-Iroquois conflicts for the next 150 years 1848 Irish Potato Famine: Tipperary Revolt - an unsuccessful nationalist revolt against British rule put down by police 1905 US Secretary of War William Howard Taft makes secret agreement with Japanese Prime Minister Katsura agreeing to Japanese free rein in Korea in return for non-interference with the US in the Philippines 1921 Adolf Hitler becomes leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party 1949 Moscow ends the blockade of West Berlin | 
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