1787 Arthur Phillip sets sails with 11 ships of criminals to Botany Bay, Australia 1830 Republic of Ecuador is founded, with Juan Jose Flores as president 1934 Great dustbowl storm sweeps across US prairies 1940 Winston Churchill says "I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat" in his first speech as Prime Minister to British House of Commons 1981 Pope John Paul II is shot and critically wounded by Turkish gunman Mehemet Ali Agca in St Peter's Square, Vatican City 1989 Approx 2,000 students begin hunger strike in Tiananmen Square, China | 
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