EVENTS OF THIS DAY IN THE PAST. 15/9/20

• 668 – Eastern Roman Emperor Constans II is assassinated in his bath at Syracuse, Italy.
• 994 – Major Fatimid victory over the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of the Orontes.
• 1440 – Gilles de Rais, one of the earliest known serial killers, is taken into custody upon an accusation brought against him by  Jean de Malestroit, Bishop of Nantes.
• 1530 – Appearance of the miraculous portrait of Saint Dominic in Soriano in Soriano Calabro, Calabria, Italy; commemorated as a feast day by the Roman Catholic Church 1644–1912.
• 1556 – Departing from Vlissingen, ex-Holy Roman Emperor Charles V returns to Spain.
• 1762 – Seven Years' War: Battle of Signal Hill.^[1]
• 1776 – American Revolutionary War: British forces land at Kip's Bay during the New York Campaign.^[2]
• 1789 – The United States "Department of Foreign Affairs", established by law in July, is renamed the Department of State and given a variety of domestic duties.
• 1794 – French Revolutionary Wars: Arthur Wellesley (later Duke of Wellington) sees his first combat at the Battle of Boxtel during the Flanders Campaign.^[3]
• 1795 – Britain seizes the Dutch Cape Colony in southern Africa to prevent its use by the Batavian Republic.
• 1812 – The Grande Armée under Napoleon reaches the Kremlin in Moscow.
• 1812 – War of 1812: A second supply train sent to relieve Fort Harrison is ambushed in the Attack at the Narrows.
• 1816 – HMS Whiting runs aground on the Doom Bar.
• 1820 – Constitutionalist revolution in Lisbon, Portugal.
• 1821 – The Captaincy General of Guatemala declares independence from Spain.
• 1830 – The Liverpool to Manchester railway line opens; British MP William Huskisson becomes the first widely reported railway passenger fatality when he is struck and killed by the locomotive Rocket.
• 1835 – HMS Beagle, with Charles Darwin aboard, reaches the Galápagos Islands. The ship lands at Chatham or San Cristobal, the easternmost of the archipelago.
• 1862 – American Civil War: Confederate forces capture Harpers Ferry, Virginia (present-day Harpers Ferry, West Virginia).
• 1873 – Franco-Prussian War: The last Imperial German Army troops leave France upon completion of payment of indemnity.
• 1894 – First Sino-Japanese War: Japan defeats Qing dynasty China in the Battle of Pyongyang.
• 1915 – The Empire Picture Theatre (now The New Empire Cinema), the oldest running cinema in mainland Australia, opens in Bowral, New South Wales.
• 1916 – World War I: Tanks are used for the first time in battle, at the Battle of the Somme.
• 1918 – World War I: Allied troops break through the Bulgarian defenses on the Macedonian front.
• 1935 – The Nuremberg Laws deprive German Jews of citizenship.
• 1935 – Nazi Germany adopts a new national flag bearing the swastika.
• 1940 – World War II: The climax of the Battle of Britain, when the Luftwaffe launches its largest and most concentrated attack of the entire campaign.
• 1942 – World War II: U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Wasp is sunk by Japanese torpedoes at Guadalcanal.
• 1944 – Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill meet in Quebec as part of the Octagon Conference to discuss strategy.
• 1944 – Battle of Peleliu begins as the United States Marine Corps' 1st Marine Division and the United States Army's 81st Infantry Division hit White and Orange beaches under heavy fire from Japanese infantry and artillery.
• 1945 – A hurricane strikes southern Florida and the Bahamas, destroying 366 airplanes and 25 blimps at Naval Air Station Richmond.
• 1947 – Typhoon Kathleen hit the Kantō region in Japan killing 1,077.
• 1948 – The Indian Army captures the towns of Jalna, Latur, Mominabad, Surriapet and Narkatpalli as part of Operation Polo.
• 1948 – The F-86 Sabre sets the world aircraft speed record at 671 miles per hour (1,080 km/h).
• 1950 – Korean War: The U.S. X Corps lands at Inchon.
• 1952 – The United Nations cedes Eritrea to Ethiopia.
• 1958 – A Central Railroad of New Jersey commuter train runs through an open drawbridge at the Newark Bay, killing 48.
• 1959 – Nikita Khrushchev becomes the first Soviet leader to visit the United States.
• 1962 – The Soviet ship Poltava heads toward Cuba, one of the events that sets into motion the Cuban Missile Crisis.
• 1963 – Baptist Church bombing: Four children killed in the bombing of an African-American church in Birmingham, Alabama, United States.
• 1967 – U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson, responding to a sniper attack at the University of Texas at Austin, writes a letter to Congress urging the enactment of gun control legislation.
• 1968 – The Soviet Zond 5 spaceship is launched, becoming the first spacecraft to fly around the Moon and re-enter the Earth's atmosphere.
• 1971 – The first Greenpeace ship departs from Vancouver to protest against the upcoming Cannikin nuclear weapon test in Alaska.
• 1972 – A Scandinavian Airlines System domestic flight from Gothenburg to Stockholm is hijacked and flown to Malmö Bulltofta Airport.
• 1974 – Air Vietnam Flight 706 is hijacked, then crashes while attempting to land with 75 on board.
• 1975 – The French department of "Corse" (the entire island of Corsica) is divided into two: Haute-Corse (Upper Corsica) and Corse-du-Sud (Southern Corsica).
• 1978 – Muhammad Ali outpointed Leon Spinks in a rematch to become the first boxer to win the world heavyweight title three times at the Superdome in New Orleans.
• 1981 – The Senate Judiciary Committee unanimously approves Sandra Day O'Connor to become the first female justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
• 1981 – The John Bull becomes the oldest operable steam locomotive in the world when the Smithsonian Institution operates it under its own power outside Washington, D.C.
• 1983 – Israeli premier Menachem Begin resigns.
• 2000 – The Summer Olympics, officially known as the games of the XXVII Olympiad, are opened in Sydney, Australia.
• 2004 – National Hockey League commissioner Gary Bettman announces lockout of the players' union and cessation of operations by the NHL head office.
• 2008 – Lehman Brothers files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy, the largest bankruptcy filing in U.S. history.
• 2017 – The Parsons Green bombing takes place in London.

Births[edit]

• 767 – Saichō, Japanese monk (d. 822)^{[citation needed]}
• 1461 – Jacopo Salviati, Italian politician (d. 1553)
• 1505 – Mary of Hungary, Dutch ruler (d. 1558)
• 1533 – Catherine of Austria, Queen of Poland (d. 1572)
• 1580 – Charles Annibal Fabrot, French lawyer and author (d. 1659)
• 1592 – Giovanni Battista Rinuccini, archbishop of Fermo (d. 1653)^[4]
• 1613 – François de La Rochefoucauld, French soldier and author (d. 1680)
• 1649 – Titus Oates, English minister, fabricated the Popish Plot (d. 1705)^[5]
• 1666 – Sophia Dorothea of Celle (d. 1726)
• 1690 – Ignazio Prota, Italian composer and educator (d. 1748)
• 1715 – Jean-Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval, French general and engineer (d. 1789)
• 1736 – Jean Sylvain Bailly, French astronomer, mathematician, and politician, 1st Mayor of Paris (d. 1793)^[6]
• 1759 – Cornelio Saavedra, Argentinean general and politician (d. 1829)
• 1760 – Bogislav Friedrich Emanuel von Tauentzien, Prussian general (d. 1824)
• 1765 – Manuel Maria Barbosa du Bocage, Portuguese poet and author (d. 1805)
• 1789 – James Fenimore Cooper, American novelist, short story writer, and historian (d. 1851)^[7]
• 1815 – Halfdan Kjerulf, Norwegian journalist and composer (d. 1868)^[8]
• 1819 – Cyprien Tanguay, Canadian priest and historian (d. 1902)^[9]
• 1828 – Alexander Butlerov, Russian chemist and academic (d. 1886)
• 1830 – Porfirio Díaz, Mexican general and politician, 29th President of Mexico (d. 1915)
• 1846 – George Franklin Grant, African-American educator, dentist, and inventor (d. 1910)
• 1852 – Edward Bouchet, American physicist and educator (d. 1918)
• 1852 – Jan Ernst Matzeliger, Surinamese-American inventor (d. 1889)
• 1857 – William Howard Taft, American lawyer, jurist, and politician, 27th President of the United States (d. 1930)
• 1857 – Anna Winlock, American astronomer and academic (d. 1904)^[10]
• 1858 – Charles de Foucauld, French priest and martyr (d. 1916)
• 1858 – Jenő Hubay, Hungarian violinist, composer, and educator (d. 1937)
• 1861 – M. Visvesvaraya, Indian engineer, scholar, and Bharat Ratna Laureate, Diwan of the Mysore Kingdom (d. 1962)
• 1863 – Horatio Parker, American organist, composer, and educator (d. 1919)
• 1864 – Prince Sigismund of Prussia (d. 1866)
• 1867 – Vladimir May-Mayevsky, Russian general (d. 1920)
• 1876 – Bruno Walter, German-American pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1962)
• 1876 – Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay, Bengali novelist (d. 1938)
• 1877 – Jakob Ehrlich, Czech-Austrian politician (d. 1938)
• 1877 – Yente Serdatzky, Lithuanian-American author and playwright (d. 1962)
• 1879 – Joseph Lyons, Australian educator and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1939)
• 1881 – Ettore Bugatti, Italian-French businessman, founded Bugatti (d. 1947)
• 1883 – Esteban Terradas i Illa, Spanish mathematician and engineer (d. 1950)
• 1886 – Paul Lévy, French mathematician and theorist (d. 1971)
• 1887 – Carlos Dávila, Chilean journalist and politician, President of Chile (d. 1955)
• 1888 – Antonio Ascari, Italian race car driver (d. 1925)
• 1889 – Robert Benchley, American humorist, newspaper columnist, and actor (d. 1945)
• 1889 – Claude McKay, Jamaican-American poet and author (d. 1948)
• 1890 – Ernest Bullock, English organist and composer (d. 1979)
• 1890 – Sonja Branting-Westerståhl, Swedish lawyer (d. 1981)^[11]
• 1890 – Agatha Christie, English crime novelist, short story writer, and playwright (d. 1976)^[12]
• 1890 – Frank Martin, Swiss-Dutch pianist and composer (d. 1974)
• 1892 – Silpa Bhirasri, Italian sculptor and educator (d. 1962)
• 1894 – Chic Harley, American football player (d. 1974)
• 1894 – Oskar Klein, Swedish physicist and academic (d. 1977)
• 1894 – Jean Renoir, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1979)
• 1895 – Magda Lupescu, mistress and later wife of King Carol II of Romania (d.1977)
• 1897 – Merle Curti, American historian and author (d. 1997)
• 1898 – J. Slauerhoff, Dutch poet and author (d. 1936)
• 1901 – Donald Bailey, English engineer, designed Bailey bridge (d. 1985)
• 1903 – Roy Acuff, American singer-songwriter and fiddler (d. 1992)
• 1904 – Umberto II of Italy (d. 1983)
• 1904 – Sheilah Graham Westbrook, English-American actress, journalist, and author (d. 1988)
• 1906 – Jacques Becker, French actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1960)
• 1906 – Walter E. Rollins, American songwriter (d. 1973)
• 1907 – Gunnar Ekelöf, Swedish poet and author (d. 1968)
• 1907 – Fay Wray, Canadian-American actress (d. 2004)
• 1908 – Kid Sheik, American trumpet player (d. 1996)
• 1908 – Penny Singleton, American actress and singer (d. 2003)
• 1909 – C. N. Annadurai, Indian educator and politician, 7th Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu (d. 1969)
• 1909 – Phil Arnold, American actor (d. 1968)
• 1910 – Betty Neels, English nurse and author (d. 2001)
• 1911 – Karsten Solheim, Norwegian-American businessman, founded PING (d. 2000)
• 1911 – Luther Terry, American physician and academic, 9th Surgeon General of the United States (d. 1985)
• 1913 – Henry Brant, Canadian-American composer and conductor (d. 2008)
• 1913 – Bruno Hoffmann, German glass harp player (d. 1991)
• 1913 – John N. Mitchell, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician, 67th United States Attorney General (d. 1988)
• 1913 – Johannes Steinhoff, German general and pilot (d. 1994)
• 1914 – Creighton Abrams, American general (d. 1974)
• 1914 – Adolfo Bioy Casares, Argentinian journalist and author (d. 1999)
• 1914 – Orhan Kemal, Turkish author (d. 1970)
• 1914 – Robert McCloskey, American author and illustrator (d. 2003)
• 1915 – Fawn M. Brodie, American historian and author (d. 1981)
• 1915 – Al Casey, American guitarist and composer (d. 2005)
• 1915 – Albert Whitlock, English-American special effects designer (d. 1999)
• 1916 – Margaret Lockwood, Pakistani-English actress (d. 1990)
• 1916 – Frederick C. Weyand, American general (d. 2010)
• 1917 – Hilde Gueden, Austrian soprano (d. 1988)^[13]
• 1917 – Buddy Jeannette, American basketball player and coach (d. 1998)^[14]
• 1918 – Alfred D. Chandler Jr., American historian and academic (d. 2007)
• 1918 – Phil Lamason, New Zealand soldier and pilot (d. 2012)
• 1918 – Margot Loyola, Chilean singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2015)
• 1918 – Nipsey Russell, American comedian and actor (d. 2005)
• 1919 – Fausto Coppi, Italian cyclist and soldier (d. 1960)
• 1919 – Nelson Gidding, American author and screenwriter (d. 2004)
• 1919 – Heda Margolius Kovály, Czech author and translator (d. 2010)
• 1920 – Kym Bonython, Australian race car driver, drummer, and radio host (d. 2011)
• 1921 – Richard Gordon, English surgeon and author (d. 2017)
• 1921 – Gene Roland, American pianist and composer (d. 1982)
• 1922 – Bob Anderson, English fencer and choreographer (d. 2012)
• 1922 – Jackie Cooper, American actor (d. 2011)
• 1922 – Gaetano Cozzi, Italian historian and academic (d. 2001)
• 1922 – Mary Soames, English author (d. 2014)
• 1923 – Anton Heiller, Austrian organist, composer, and conductor (d. 1979)
• 1924 – Lucebert, Dutch poet and painter (d. 1994)
• 1924 – György Lázár, Hungarian politician, 50th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 2014)
• 1924 – Bobby Short, American singer and pianist (d. 2005)
• 1924 – Mordechai Tzipori, Israeli politician and soldier (d. 2017)
• 1925 – Stanley Chapman, English architect and author (d. 2009)
• 1925 – Erika Köth, German soprano (d. 1981)
• 1925 – Carlo Rambaldi, Italian special effects artist (d. 2012)
• 1925 – Helle Virkner, Danish actress and singer (d. 2009)
• 1926 – Shohei Imamura, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2006)
• 1926 – Jean-Pierre Serre, French mathematician and academic
• 1927 – Rudolf Anderson, pilot and commissioned officer in the United States Air Force (d. 1962)
• 1927 – Norm Crosby, American comedian and actor
• 1927 – David Stove, Australian philosopher and academic (d. 1994)
• 1928 – Cannonball Adderley, American saxophonist and bandleader (d. 1975)
• 1929 – Eva Burrows, Australian 13th General of The Salvation Army (d. 2015)
• 1929 – Murray Gell-Mann, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2019)
• 1929 – Stan Kelly-Bootle, English singer-songwriter, computer scientist, and author (d. 2014)
• 1929 – Dick Latessa, American actor (d. 2016)
• 1929 – John Julius Norwich, English historian and author (d. 2018)
• 1929 – Wilbur Snyder, American football player and wrestler (d. 1991)
• 1929 – Mümtaz Soysal, Turkish academic and politician, 30th Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs
• 1930 – Endel Lippmaa, Estonian physicist and academic (d. 2015)
• 1931 – Brian Henderson, New Zealand-Australian journalist, actor, and producer
• 1932 – Neil Bartlett, English-American chemist and academic (d. 2008)
• 1933 – Rafael Frühbeck de Burgos, Spanish conductor and composer (d. 2014)
• 1934 – Tomie dePaola, American author and illustrator
• 1934 – Fred Nile, Australian soldier, minister, and politician
• 1935 – Dinkha IV, Iraqi patriarch (d. 2015)
• 1936 – Ashley Cooper, Australian tennis player
• 1936 – Sara Henderson, Australian farmer and author (d. 2005)
• 1937 – Joey Carew, Trinidadian cricketer (d. 2011)
• 1937 – Fernando de la Rúa, Argentinian lawyer and politician, 51st President of Argentina (d. 2019)
• 1937 – King Curtis Iaukea, American wrestler (d. 2010)
• 1937 – Robert Lucas Jr., American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1937 – Pino Puglisi, Italian priest and martyr (d. 1993)
• 1938 – Gaylord Perry, American baseball player and coach
• 1939 – Subramanian Swamy, Indian economist, academic, and politician, Indian Minister of Law and Justice
• 1939 – George Walden, English journalist and politician
• 1940 – Merlin Olsen, American football player, sportscaster, and actor (d. 2010)
• 1941 – Flórián Albert, Hungarian footballer and manager (d. 2011)
• 1941 – Signe Toly Anderson, American rock singer (d. 2016)
• 1941 – Mirosław Hermaszewski, Polish general, pilot, and astronaut
• 1941 – Yuriy Norshteyn, Russian animator, director, and screenwriter
• 1941 – Viktor Zubkov, Russian businessman and politician, 37th Prime Minister of Russia
• 1942 – Lee Dorman, American bass player (d. 2012)
• 1942 – Philip Harris, Baron Harris of Peckham, English businessman and politician
• 1942 – Ksenia Milicevic, French painter and architect
• 1944 – Mauro Piacenza, Italian cardinal
• 1944 – Graham Taylor, English footballer and manager (d. 2017)
• 1945 – Carmen Maura, Spanish actress
• 1945 – Jessye Norman, American soprano
• 1945 – Hans-Gert Pöttering, German lawyer and politician, 23rd President of the European Parliament
• 1945 – Ron Shelton, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1946 – Tommy Lee Jones, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1946 – Mike Procter, South African cricketer, coach, and referee
• 1946 – Oliver Stone, American director, screenwriter, and producer
• 1946 – Howard Waldrop, American author and critic
• 1947 – Viggo Jensen, Danish footballer and manager
• 1947 – Diane E. Levin, American educator and author
• 1947 – Theodore Long, American wrestling referee and manager
• 1949 – Joe Barton, American lawyer and politician
• 1950 – Rajiv Malhotra, Indian author
• 1950 – Mirza Masroor Ahmad, Pakistani-English caliph and scholar
• 1951 – Pete Carroll, American football player and coach
• 1951 – Johan Neeskens, Dutch footballer and manager
• 1951 – Fred Seibert, owner of Nickelodeon and Frederator Studios
• 1952 – Richard Brodeur, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
• 1952 – Paula Duncan, Australian actress
• 1952 – Ratnajeevan Hoole, Sri Lankan engineer and academic
• 1952 – Kelly Keagy, American singer and drummer
• 1953 – Keiko Takeshita, Japanese actress
• 1954 – Adrian Adonis, American wrestler (d. 1988)
• 1954 – Hrant Dink, Turkish journalist (d. 2007)
• 1955 – Željka Antunović, Croatian politician, 9th Croatian Minister of Defence
• 1955 – Abdul Qadir, Pakistani cricketer (d. 2019)
• 1955 – Bruce Reitherman, American voice actor, singer, cinematographer, and producer
• 1955 – Renzo Rosso, Italian fashion designer and businessman, co-founded Diesel Clothing
• 1956 – Ross J. Anderson, British academic and educator
• 1956 – Maggie Reilly, Scottish singer-songwriter
• 1956 – Ned Rothenberg, American saxophonist, clarinet player, and composer
• 1958 – Joel Quenneville, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1958 – Wendie Jo Sperber, American actress (d. 2005)
• 1959 – Mark Kirk, American commander, lawyer, and politician
• 1960 – Ed Solomon, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1960 – Lisa Vanderpump, British restaurateur, television personality, and author^[15]
• 1961 – Terry Lamb, Australian rugby league player and coach
• 1961 – Helen Margetts, British political scientist
• 1961 – Dan Marino, American football player and sportscaster
• 1961 – Patrick Patterson, Jamaican cricketer
• 1962 – Amanda Wakeley, English fashion designer
• 1963 – Pete Myers, American basketball player and coach
• 1963 – Stephen C. Spiteri, Maltese military historian
• 1964 – Robert Fico, Slovak academic and politician, 14th Prime Minister of Slovakia
• 1964 – Steve Watkin, Welsh cricketer
• 1964 – Doyle Wolfgang von Frankenstein, American guitarist and songwriter
• 1966 – Wenn V. Deramas, Filipino director and screenwriter (d. 2016)
• 1966 – Sherman Douglas, American basketball player^[16]
• 1967 – Paul Abbott, American baseball player and coach
• 1967 – Rodney Eyles, Australian squash player
• 1969 – Revaz Arveladze, Georgian footballer
• 1969 – Corby Davidson, American radio personality
• 1969 – Allen Shellenberger, American drummer (d. 2009)
• 1971 – Nathan Astle, New Zealand cricketer and coach
• 1971 – Josh Charles, American actor and director
• 1971 – Wayne Ferreira, South African tennis player
• 1971 – Michael Malone, American basketball coach
• 1971 – Ben Wallers, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1972 – Jimmy Carr, English comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1972 – Queen Letizia of Spain
• 1972 – Lady Victoria, American wrestler
• 1973 – Prince Daniel, Duke of Västergötland, Swedish prince
• 1974 – Arata Iura, Japanese actor, model, and fashion designer
• 1975 – Tom Dolan, American swimmer
• 1975 – Martina Krupičková, Czech painter
• 1976 – Brett Kimmorley, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster
• 1976 – Paul Thomson, Scottish drummer
• 1976 – Matt Thornton, American baseball player
• 1977 – Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Nigerian novelist, essayist, and short story writer
• 1977 – Angela Aki, Japanese singer-songwriter
• 1977 – Sophie Dahl, English model and author
• 1977 – Leander Jordan, American football player
• 1977 – Jason Terry, American basketball player
• 1978 – Zach Filkins, American guitarist
• 1978 – Eiður Guðjohnsen, Icelandic footballer
• 1978 – Genki Horiguchi, Japanese wrestler
• 1979 – Dave Annable, American actor
• 1979 – Patrick Marleau, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1979 – Carlos Ruiz, Guatemalan footballer
• 1979 – Reece Young, New Zealand cricketer
• 1980 – David Diehl, American football player and sportscaster
• 1980 – Mike Dunleavy Jr., American basketball player
• 1983 – Yuka Hirata, Japanese actress and model
• 1983 – Luke Hochevar, American baseball player
• 1984 – Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex
• 1984 – Loek van Mil, Dutch baseball player (d. 2019)
• 1984 – Cyhi the Prynce, American rapper and producer
• 1985 – François-Olivier Roberge, Canadian speed skater
• 1986 – Jenna Marbles, American YouTuber and comedian
• 1986 – George Watsky, American hip-hop artist, poet and author
• 1987 – Vaila Barsley, Scottish footballer^[17]
• 1987 – Aly Cissokho, French footballer
• 1987 – Rhett Titus, American wrestler
• 1988 – Michael Cooper, English rugby league player
• 1988 – Clare Maguire, English singer-songwriter
• 1988 – Tim Moltzen, Australian rugby league player^[18]
• 1990 – Oliver Gill, English footballer^[19]
• 1990 – Aaron Mooy, Australian footballer^[20]
• 1991 – Phil Ofosu-Ayeh, German-Ghanaian footballer
• 1992 – Jae Park, South Korean-American singer (Day6)
• 1995 – Joe Ofahengaue, New Zealand-Tongan rugby league player
• 1996 – Nao Furuhata, Japanese idol and singer
• 1997 – Quin Houff, American racing driver^[21]

Deaths[edit]

• 668 – Constans II, Byzantine emperor (b. 630)
• 921 – Ludmila of Bohemia, Czech martyr and saint (b. 860)
• 1140 – Adelaide of Hungary, Duchess of Bohemia
• 1146 – Alan, 1st Earl of Richmond, English soldier (b. 1100)
• 1231 – Louis I, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1173)
• 1326 – Dmitry of Tver (b. 1299)
• 1352 – Ewostatewos, Ethiopian monk and saint (b. 1273)
• 1397 – Adam Easton, English cardinal
• 1408 – Edmund Holland, 4th Earl of Kent, English politician (b. 1384)
• 1496 – Hugh Clopton, Lord Mayor of London (b. c. 1440)
• 1500 – John Morton, English cardinal and academic (b. 1420)
• 1504 – Elisabeth of Bavaria, Electress of the Palatinate (b. 1478)
• 1510 – Saint Catherine of Genoa (b. 1447)
• 1559 – Isabella Jagiellon, Queen of Hungary (d. 1519)
• 1595 – John MacMorran, Baillie of Edinburgh, shot by rioting high school schoolchildren.^[22]
• 1596 – Leonhard Rauwolf, German physician and botanist (b. 1535)
• 1613 – Thomas Overbury, English poet and author (b. 1581)
• 1643 – Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork, English-Irish politician, Lord High Treasurer of Ireland (b. 1566)
• 1649 – John Floyd, English priest and educator (b. 1572)
• 1700 – André Le Nôtre, French gardener (b. 1613)
• 1701 – Edmé Boursault, French author and playwright (b. 1638)
• 1707 – George Stepney, English poet and diplomat (b. 1663)
• 1712 – Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin, English politician, Lord High Treasurer (b. 1645)
• 1750 – Charles Theodore Pachelbel, German organist and composer (b. 1690)
• 1794 – Abraham Clark, American police officer and politician (b. 1725)
• 1803 – Gian Francesco Albani, Italian cardinal (b. 1719)
• 1813 – Antoine Étienne de Tousard, French general and engineer (b. 1752)
• 1830 – François Baillairgé, Canadian painter and sculptor (b. 1759)
• 1830 – William Huskisson, English financier and politician, Secretary of State for War and the Colonies (b. 1770)
• 1841 – Alessandro Rolla, Italian violinist and composer (b. 1757)
• 1842 – Pierre Baillot, French violinist and composer (b. 1771)
• 1842 – Francisco Morazán, Guatemalan general, lawyer, and politician, President of Central American Federation (b. 1792)
• 1852 – Johann Karl Simon Morgenstern, German-Estonian philologist and academic (b. 1770)
• 1859 – Isambard Kingdom Brunel, English architect and engineer, designed the Great Western Railway (b. 1806)
• 1864 – John Hanning Speke, English soldier and explorer (b. 1827)
• 1883 – Joseph Plateau, Belgian physicist and academic (b. 1801)
• 1893 – Thomas Hawksley, English engineer (b. 1807)
• 1915 – Ernest Gagnon, Canadian organist and composer (b. 1834)
• 1921 – Roman von Ungern-Sternberg, Austrian-Russian general (b. 1886)
• 1926 – Rudolf Christoph Eucken, German philosopher and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1846)
• 1930 – Milton Sills, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1882)
• 1938 – Thomas Wolfe, American novelist (b. 1900)
• 1940 – William B. Bankhead, American lawyer and politician, 47th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (b. 1874)
• 1945 – André Tardieu, French journalist and politician, 97th Prime Minister of France (b. 1876)
• 1945 – Anton Webern, Austrian composer and conductor (b. 1883)
• 1945 – Linnie Marsh Wolfe, American librarian and author (b. 1881)
• 1952 – Hugo Raudsepp, Estonian author and playwright (b. 1883)
• 1965 – Steve Brown, American bassist (b. 1890)
• 1972 – Ulvi Cemal Erkin, Turkish composer and educator (b. 1906)
• 1972 – Baki Süha Ediboğlu, Turkish poet and author (b. 1915)
• 1972 – Geoffrey Fisher, English archbishop and academic (b. 1887)
• 1973 – Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden (b. 1882)
• 1973 – Víctor Jara, Chilean singer-songwriter, poet, and director (b. 1932)
• 1975 – Franco Bordoni, Italian race car driver and pilot (b. 1913)
• 1978 – Robert Cliche, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician (b. 1921)
• 1978 – Edmund Crispin, English writer and composer (b. 1921)
• 1978 – Willy Messerschmitt, German engineer and academic, designed the Messerschmitt Bf 109 (b. 1898)
• 1980 – Bill Evans, American pianist and composer (b. 1929)
• 1981 – Rafael Méndez, Mexican trumpet player and composer (b. 1906)
• 1983 – Prince Far I, Jamaican DJ and producer (b. 1944)
• 1985 – Cootie Williams, American trumpet player (b. 1910)
• 1989 – Jan DeGaetani, American soprano (b. 1933)
• 1989 – Olga Erteszek, Polish-American fashion designer (b. 1916)
• 1989 – Robert Penn Warren, American novelist, poet, and literary critic (b. 1905)
• 1991 – John Hoyt, American actor (b. 1904)
• 1991 – Warner Troyer, Canadian journalist and author (b. 1932)
• 1993 – Pino Puglisi, Italian priest and martyr (b. 1937)
• 1995 – Harry Calder, South African cricketer (b. 1901)
• 1995 – Gunnar Nordahl, Swedish footballer and manager (b. 1921)
• 1997 – Bulldog Brower, American wrestler (b. 1933)
• 1998 – Louis Rasminsky, Canadian economist, 3rd Governor of the Bank of Canada (b. 1908)
• 2001 – June Salter, Australian actress and author (b. 1932)
• 2003 – Garner Ted Armstrong, American evangelist and author (b. 1930)
• 2004 – Johnny Ramone, American guitarist and songwriter (b. 1948)
• 2004 – Walter Stewart, Canadian journalist and author (b. 1931)
• 2005 – Guy Green, English director and cinematographer (b. 1913)
• 2005 – Sidney Luft, American manager and producer (b. 1915)
• 2006 – Raymond Baxter, English television host and author (b. 1922)
• 2006 – Oriana Fallaci, Italian journalist and author (b. 1929)
• 2006 – Pablo Santos, Mexican-American actor (b. 1987)
• 2007 – Colin McRae, Scottish race car driver (b. 1968)
• 2007 – Jeremy Moore, English general (b. 1928)
• 2007 – Aldemaro Romero, Venezuelan pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1928)
• 2007 – Brett Somers, Canadian-American actress and singer (b. 1924)
• 2008 – Richard Wright, English singer-songwriter and keyboard player (b. 1943)
• 2009 – Troy Kennedy Martin, Scottish-English screenwriter (b. 1932)
• 2010 – Arrow, Caribbean singer-songwriter (b. 1949)
• 2011 – Frances Bay, Canadian-American actress (b. 1919)
• 2012 – Tibor Antalpéter, Hungarian volleyball player and diplomat, Hungarian Ambassador of Hungary to the United Kingdom (b. 1930)
• 2012 – Nevin Spence, Northern Irish rugby player (b. 1990)
• 2013 – Habib Munzir Al-Musawa, Indonesian cleric and scholar (b. 1973)
• 2013 – Jerry G. Bishop, American radio and television host (b. 1936)
• 2013 – Gerard Cafesjian, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1925)
• 2013 – Jackie Lomax, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1944)
• 2014 – John Anderson Jr., American lawyer and politician, 36th Governor of Kansas (b. 1917)
• 2014 – Eugene I. Gordon, American physicist and engineer (b. 1930)
• 2014 – Nicholas Romanov, Prince of Russia (b. 1922)
• 2014 – Jürg Schubiger, Swiss psychotherapist and author (b. 1936)
• 2014 – Wayne Tefs, Canadian anthologist, author, and critic (b. 1947)
• 2015 – Harry J. Lipkin, Israeli physicist and academic (b. 1921)
• 2015 – Meir Pa'il, Israeli commander, historian, and politician (b. 1926)
• 2015 – Bernard Van de Kerckhove, Belgian cyclist (b. 1941)
• 2017 – Harry Dean Stanton, American actor (b. 1926)