On This Day in History January 30, 2023 Historical Events 1661  Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England is ritually executed after having been dead for two years 1815  Burned US Library of Congress re-established with Thomas Jefferson's 6,500 volumes 1902  Britain and Japan sign a treaty after months of negotiating which commits each country to supporting an independent China and Korea, although it acknowledges Japan's 'special interest' in Korea 1933  President Paul von Hindenburg appoints Adolf Hitler as Reich Chancellor of Germany who forms a government with Franz von Papen 1939  Adolf Hitler threatens Jews during his speech to the German Reichstag (Parliament) 1948  Mahatma Gandhi assassinated by Hindu extremist Nathuram Godse 1965  State funeral for Winston Churchill at St Paul's Cathedral in London; at the time, the world's largest ever state funeral More Historical Events Famous Birthdays Douglas Engelbart 1925 - 2013 Franklin D. Roosevelt 1882 - 1945 Livia 58 BC - 29 AD Phil Collins 72nd Birthday More Famous Birthdays Famous Deaths Mahatma Gandhi 1869 - 1948 Orville Wright 1871 - 1948 More Famous Deaths January 30: Lovesick Prince in Suicide Pact Two lovers, a pact, then tragedy. But what really happened at Mayerling in 1889 remains a mystery despite 130 years of rumour, speculation – and three movies. Read the Article You Might Like