301 San Marino, one of the smallest nations in the world and the world's oldest republic still in existence, founded by Saint Marinus 1650 Battle of Dunbar; Oliver Cromwell's English New Model Army defeats Scottish force in surprise attack 1783 Treaty of Paris signed in Paris ends the American Revolutionary War between Great Britain and United States of America 1791 French Revolution: The new French Constitution, declaring France a constitutional monarchy, is passed by the National Assembly 1900 With a proclamation by General Lord Roberts, Britain annexes the Boer Republic of South Africa 1939 World War II: Britain declares war on Germany after invasion of Poland. France follows 6 hours later quickly joined by Australia, New Zealand, South Africa & Canada 1988 Estimated by this date 50,000 Kurdish civilians and soldiers killed by Iraq, many using chemical weapons, in aftermath of Iran-Iraq War | 
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