644 Umar ibn al-Khattab, second Muslim caliph, is killed in Medina by Lu'lu, an enslaved Persian captive 1534 English parliament passes the Act of Supremacy making Henry VIII and all subsequent monarchs the Head of the Church of England 1620 Great Patent granted to Plymouth Colony 1640 English Long Parliament forms 1906 International Radiotelegraph Conference in Berlin selects "SOS" (· · · – – – · · ·) distress signal as the worldwide standard for help 1957 Soviet Union launches Sputnik 2 with space dog Laika aboard, a mostly-Siberian husky, the 1st animal in space 1970 US President Richard Nixon promises gradual troop removal of Vietnam |
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