EVENTS OF THIS DAY IN THE PAST. 12/12/20
- 627 – Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II's Persian forces, commanded by General Rhahzadh.[1]
- 884 – King Carloman II dies after a hunting accident.[2]
- 1388 – Maria of Enghien sells the lordship of Argos and Nauplia to the Republic of Venice.[3]
- 1862 – American Civil War: USS Cairo sinks on the Yazoo River.[4]
- 1866 – Oaks explosion: The worst mining disaster in England kills 361 miners and rescuers.[5]
- 1870 – Joseph H. Rainey of South Carolina becomes the second black U.S. congressman.[6]
- 1901 – Guglielmo Marconi receives the first transatlantic radio signal (the letter "S" [***] in Morse Code), at Signal Hill in St John's, Newfoundland.[7]
- 1917 – Father Edward J. Flanagan founds Boys Town as a farm village for wayward boys.[8]
- 1935 – Lebensborn Project, a Nazi reproduction program, is founded by Heinrich Himmler.[9]
- 1937 – Second Sino-Japanese War: USS Panay incident: Japanese aircraft bomb and sink U.S. gunboat USS Panay on the Yangtze river in China.[10]
- 1939 – HMS Duchess sinks after a collision with HMS Barham off the coast of Scotland with the loss of 124 men.[11]
- 1941 – World War II: Fifty-four Japanese A6M Zero fighters raid Batangas Field, Philippines. Jesús Villamor and four Filipino fighter pilots fend them off; César Basa is killed.[12]
- 1941 – Adolf Hitler declares the imminent extermination of the Jews at a meeting in the Reich Chancellery.[13]
- 1945 – The People's Republic of Korea is outlawed in the South, by order of the United States Army Military Government in Korea.[14]
- 1946 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 13 relating to acceptance of Siam to United Nations is adopted.[15]
- 1956 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 121 relating to acceptance of Japan to United Nations is adopted.[16]
- 1979 – The 8.2 Mw Tumaco earthquake shakes Colombia and Ecuador with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent), killing 300–600, and generating a large tsunami.[17]
- 1985 – Arrow Air Flight 1285, a McDonnell Douglas DC-8, crashes after takeoff in Gander, Newfoundland, killing all 256 people on board, including 236 members of the United States Army's 101st Airborne Division.[18]
- 1988 – The Clapham Junction rail crash kills thirty-five and injures hundreds after two collisions of three commuter trains—one of the worst train crashes in the United Kingdom.[19]
- 2000 – The United States Supreme Court releases its decision in Bush v. Gore.[20]
- 2001 – Prime Minister of Vietnam Phan Văn Khải announces the decision on upgrading the Phong Nha–Kẻ Bàng nature reserve to a national park, providing information on projects for the conservation and development of the park and revised maps.[21]
- 2012 – North Korea successfully launches its first satellite, Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2.[22]
- 2015 – The Paris Agreement relating to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is adopted.[23][24]
Births
- 1526 – Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz, Spanish admiral (d. 1588)[25]
- 1685 – Lodovico Giustini, Italian pianist and composer (d. 1743)[26]
- 1724 – Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood, English admiral and politician (d. 1816)[27]
- 1786 – William L. Marcy, American lawyer, judge, and politician, 21st United States Secretary of State (d. 1857)[28]
- 1799 – Karl Bryullov, Russian painter (d. 1852)[29]
- 1805 – Henry Wells, American businessman, co-founded Wells Fargo and American Express (d. 1878)[30]
- 1806 – Stand Watie, American general (d. 1871)[31]
- 1812 – John Sandfield Macdonald, Canadian lawyer and politician, 1st Premier of Ontario (d. 1872)[32]
- 1821 – Gustave Flaubert, French novelist (d. 1880)[33]
- 1830 – Joseph Orville Shelby, Confederate general (d. 1897)[34]
- 1842 – Adolf Bötticher, German journalist and historian (d. 1901)[35]
- 1845 – Bruce Price, American architect, designed the American Surety Building and Bank of the Metropolis (d. 1903)[36]
- 1866 – Alfred Werner, Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1919)[37]
- 1870 – Walter Benona Sharp, American businessman, co-founded Hughes Tool Company (d. 1912)[38]
- 1876 – Alvin Kraenzlein, American hurdler and runner (d. 1928)[39]
- 1881 – Louise Thuliez, French school teacher, resistance fighter during World War I and World War II and author (d. 1966)[40]
- 1893 – Edward G. Robinson, American actor (d. 1973)[41]
- 1901 – Harald Kaarmann, Estonian footballer (d. 1942)[42]
- 1907 – Roy Douglas, English pianist and composer (d. 2015)[43]
- 1912 – Henry Armstrong, American boxer (d. 1988)[44]
- 1915 – Frank Sinatra, American singer, actor, and producer (d. 1998)[45]
- 1918 – Joe Williams, American singer and pianist (d. 1999)[46]
- 1920 – Josef Doležal, Czech race walker (d. 1999)[47]
- 1923 – Bob Barker, American game show host and producer[48]
- 1923 – Bob Dorough, American musician, composer, and producer (d. 2018)[49]
- 1925 – Ted Kennedy, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2009)[50]
- 1925 – Dattu Phadkar, Indian cricketer (d. 1985)[51]
- 1925 – Vladimir Shainsky, Ukrainian-Russian pianist and composer (d. 2017)[52]
- 1927 – Robert Noyce, American inventor and businessman, co-founded the Intel Corporation (d. 1990)[53]
- 1928 – Helen Frankenthaler, American painter and academic (d. 2011)[54]
- 1929 – Toshiko Akiyoshi, Japanese pianist and composer[55]
- 1932 – Bob Pettit, American basketball player and coach[56]
- 1933 – Christa Stubnick, German sprinter[57]
- 1934 – Miguel de la Madrid, Mexican lawyer and politician, 52nd President of Mexico (d. 2012)[58]
- 1936 – Iolanda Balaș, Romanian high jumper and educator (d. 2016)[59]
- 1937 – Philip Ledger, English pianist, composer, and academic (d. 2012)[60]
- 1940 – Sharad Pawar, Indian politician, Indian Minister of Agriculture[61]
- 1943 – Grover Washington, Jr., American singer-songwriter, saxophonist, and producer (d. 1999)[62]
- 1945 – Tony Williams, American drummer, composer, and producer (d. 1997)[63]
- 1947 – Chris Mullin, English journalist and politician[64]
- 1948 – Colin Todd, English football player and coach[65]
- 1949 – Bill Nighy, English actor[66]
- 1949 – Marc Ravalomanana, Malagasy businessman and politician, President of Madagascar[67]
- 1950 – Pedro Ferriz de Con, Mexican journalist[68]
- 1950 – Heiner Flassbeck, German economist and academic[69]
- 1950 – Gorman Thomas, American baseball player[70]
- 1950 – Rajinikanth, Indian actor[71]
- 1950 – Billy Smith, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager[72]
- 1951 – Rehman Malik, Pakistani politician, Pakistani Minister of Interior[73]
- 1952 – Cathy Rigby, American gymnast[74]
- 1953 – Martin Ferguson, Australian lawyer and politician[75]
- 1953 – Rafael Septién, Mexican-American football player[76]
- 1955 – Eddy Schepers, Belgian cyclist[77]
- 1956 – Johan van der Velde, Dutch cyclist[78]
- 1960 – Martina Hellmann, German discus thrower[79]
- 1961 – Andrey Perlov, Russian race walker[80]
- 1962 – Tracy Austin, American tennis player and sportscaster[81]
- 1962 – Arturo Barrios, Mexican-American runner[82]
- 1962 – Mike Golic, American football player and radio host[83]
- 1963 – Eduardo Castro Luque, Mexican businessman and politician[84] (d. 2012)
- 1964 – Haywood Jeffires, American football player and coach[85]
- 1967 – John Randle, American football player[86]
- 1968 – Sašo Udovič, Slovenian footballer[87]
- 1969 – Wilfred Kirochi, Kenyan runner[88]
- 1969 – Fiona May, English-Italian long jumper[89]
- 1969 – Michael Möllenbeck, German discus thrower[90]
- 1971 – Sammy Korir, Kenyan runner[91]
- 1972 – Nicky Eaden, English footballer and coach[92]
- 1972 – Craig Field, Australian rugby league player[93]
- 1972 – Wilson Kipketer, Kenyan-Danish runner[94]
- 1972 – Georgios Theodoridis, Greek sprinter[95]
- 1974 – Bernard Lagat, Kenyan-American runner[96]
- 1974 – Nolberto Solano, Peruvian footballer and manager[97]
- 1975 – Craig Moore, Australian footballer and manager[98]
- 1977 – Yoel Hernández, Cuban hurdler[99]
- 1977 – Dean Macey, English decathlete and bobsledder[100]
- 1977 – Colin White, Canadian ice hockey player[101]
- 1979 – Nate Clements, American football player[102]
- 1979 – John Salmons, American basketball player[103]
- 1980 – Dejene Berhanu, Ethiopian runner (d. 2010)[104]
- 1980 – Dorin Goian, Romanian footballer[105]
- 1981 – Pedro Ríos, Spanish footballer[106]
- 1981 – Yuvraj Singh, Indian cricketer[107]
- 1981 – Stephen Warnock, English footballer[108]
- 1982 – Dmitry Tursunov, Russian tennis player[109]
- 1983 – Roni Porokara, Finnish footballer[110]
- 1984 – Daniel Agger, Danish footballer[111]
- 1985 – Pat Calathes, Greek-American basketball player[112]
- 1986 – Daddy Birori, Rwandan footballer[113]
- 1986 – Përparim Hetemaj, Finnish footballer[114]
- 1986 – Nina Kolarič, Slovenian long jumper[115]
- 1986 – T. J. Ward, American football player[116]
- 1988 – Isaac John, New Zealand rugby league player[117]
- 1990 – Nixon Chepseba, Kenyan runner[118]
- 1990 – Dawin, American singer-songwriter[119][120]
- 1991 – Joseph Leilua, Australian-Samoan rugby league player[121]
- 1993 – Zeli Ismail, English footballer[122]
- 1994 – Otto Warmbier, American student imprisoned in North Korea (d. 2017)[123]
Deaths
- 1296 – Isabella of Mar, first wife of Robert Bruce VII (b. 1277)[124]
- 1572 – Loredana Marcello, Dogaressa of Venice, botanist, author[125]
- 1751 – Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke, English philosopher and politician, Secretary at War (b. 1678)[126]
- 1766 – Johann Christoph Gottsched, German philosopher, author, and critic (b. 1700)[127]
- 1794 – Meshullam Feivush Heller, Ukrainian author (b. 1742)[128]
- 1803 – Prince Frederick Adolf of Sweden (b. 1750)[129]
- 1858 – Jacques Viger, Canadian archeologist and politician, 1st Mayor of Montreal (b. 1787)[130]
- 1889 – Viktor Bunyakovsky, Ukrainian-Russian mathematician and theorist (b. 1804)[131]
- 1894 – John Sparrow David Thompson, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1845)[132]
- 1913 – Menelik II, Ethiopian emperor (b. 1844)[133]
- 1921 – Henrietta Swan Leavitt, American astronomer and academic (b. 1868)[134]
- 1923 – Raymond Radiguet, French author and poet (b. 1903)[135]
- 1934 – Thorleif Haug, Norwegian skier (b. 1894)[136]
- 1939 – Douglas Fairbanks, Sr., American actor, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1883)[137]
- 1941 – César Basa, Filipino lieutenant and pilot (b. 1915)[138]
- 1951 – Mildred Bailey, American singer (b. 1907)[139]
- 1958 – Albert Walsh, Canadian lawyer and politician, 1st Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland (b. 1900)[140]
- 1966 – Karl Ruberl, Austrian-American swimmer (b. 1880)[141]
- 1968 – Tallulah Bankhead, American actress (b. 1902)[142]
- 1970 – Doris Blackburn, Australian politician (b. 1889)[143]
- 1975 – Richard Baggallay, English colonel and cricketer (b. 1884)[144]
- 1980 – Jean Lesage, Canadian lawyer and politician, 19th Premier of Quebec (b. 1912)[145]
- 1985 – Anne Baxter, American actress (b. 1923)[146]
- 1993 – József Antall, Hungarian historian and politician, 35th Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1932)[147]
- 1994 – Stuart Roosa, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1933)[148]
- 1996 – Vance Packard, American journalist, author, and critic (b. 1914)[149]
- 1997 – Evgenii Landis, Ukrainian-Russian mathematician and academic (b. 1921)[150]
- 1998 – Lawton Chiles, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 41st Governor of Florida (b. 1930)[151]
- 1998 – Morris Udall, American captain and politician (b. 1922)[152]
- 1999 – Paul Cadmus, American painter and illustrator (b. 1904)[153]
- 1999 – Joseph Heller, American novelist, short story writer, and playwright(b. 1923)[154]
- 2001 – Ardito Desio, Italian geologist and explorer (b. 1897)[155]
- 2002 – Dee Brown, American historian and author (b. 1908)[156]
- 2003 – Heydar Aliyev, Azerbaijani general and politician, 3rd President of Azerbaijan (b. 1923)[157]
- 2005 – Robert Newmyer, American actor and producer (b. 1956)[158]
- 2005 – Annette Stroyberg, Danish actress (b. 1936)[159]
- 2005 – Gebran Tueni, Lebanese journalist and politician (b. 1957)[160]
- 2006 – Paul Arizin, American basketball player (b. 1928)[161]
- 2006 – Peter Boyle, American actor (b. 1935)[162]
- 2006 – Alan Shugart, American engineer and businessman, co-founded Seagate Technology (b. 1930)[163]
- 2007 – François al-Hajj, Lebanese general (b. 1953)[164]
- 2007 – Ike Turner, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1931)[165]
- 2008 – Avery Dulles, American cardinal and theologian (b. 1918)[166]
- 2008 – Van Johnson, American actor (b. 1916)[167]
- 2010 – Tom Walkinshaw, Scottish race car driver, founded Tom Walkinshaw Racing (b. 1946)[168][169]
- 2012 – Joe Allbritton, American banker, publisher, and philanthropist, founded the Allbritton Communications Company (b. 1924)[170]
- 2012 – David Tait, English rugby player (b. 1987)[171]
- 2013 – Abdul Quader Molla, Bangladeshi journalist and politician (b. 1948)[172]
- 2013 – Audrey Totter, American actress (b. 1917)[173]
- 2014 – Norman Bridwell, American author and illustrator, created Clifford the Big Red Dog (b. 1928)[174]
- 2014 – Ivor Grattan-Guinness, English mathematician, historian, and academic (b. 1941)[175][176]
- 2014 – Herb Plews, American baseball player (b. 1928)[177]
- 2015 – Frans Geurtsen, Dutch footballer (b. 1942)[178]
- 2015 – Evelyn S. Lieberman, American politician, White House Deputy Chief of Staff (b. 1944)[179]
- 2016 – Shirley Hazzard, Australian-American novelist, short story writer, and essayist (b. 1931)[180]
- 2017 – Ed Lee, American politician and attorney, 43rd Mayor of San Francisco (b. 1952)[181][182][183]
- 2017 – Pat DiNizio, American singer and songwriter (b. 1955)[184][185]
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